Capital:	Islamabad
Population:	144.6 Million (estimation in year 2001)
Ethnic Groups:	Punjabi
	Sindhi
	Pashtun (Pathan)
	Baloch
	Muhajir (Immigrants from India and their descendants)
Religions:	Islam	97%
	Hindu, Christian, Buddhist & Parsi	3%
Languages:	Punjabi	48%
	Sindhi	12%
	Siraiki (a Punjabi variant)	10%
	Pashtu	8%
	Urdu (official language)	8%
	Baloch	3%
	Hindko	2%
	Brahui	1%
	English, Burushaki and others	8%
Introduction Pakistan is situated in the western part of the Indian subcontinent. The name “Pakistan” is derived from the Urdu words “Pak” (meaning pure) and “stan” (meaning country). It is nearly twice the size of California. Economy The monetary unit in Pakistan is Pakistan Rupee. We can find natural resources such as land, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt and limestone in Pakistan. People and Culture The majority of Pakistan live in the Indus River valley. Urdu is the official language of Pakistan. It is spoken as the first language by only 8% of the population, 48% speak Punjabi, 12% Sindhi, 10% Saraiki, 8% Pushu, 3% Baloch, and 3% for others. The Urdu, Punjabi, Pushtu, and Baloch are Indo-European languages. English is the other official language and it is widely used in government, those officer ranks of military, and in many institutions of higher learning. The literacy rate of Pakistan is 45.7% in year 2003. Whereas the work force in year 2004 is Agriculture - 42%, services - 38% and industry - 20%.